Shuang Zhang; Yize Yao; Xiaohui Wang; Huimin Xiang; Cheng Fang; Hailong Wang; Yanchun Zhou

doi:10.1016/j.exm.2025.08.002

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Extreme Materials ›› 2025, Vol. 1 ›› Issue (3) : 61-73. DOI: 10.1016/j.exm.2025.08.002

Shuang Zhang ^a ,
Yize Yao ^a ,
Xiaohui Wang ^b^,^* ,
Huimin Xiang ^a ,
Cheng Fang ^a ,
Hailong Wang ^a ,
Yanchun Zhou ^a^,^*

作者信息 +

CrTa_0.5Nb_0.5 O₄: A solid solution strategy to enhance the mechanical and thermal properties of rutile structured ternaries

Shuang Zhang ^a ,
Yize Yao ^a ,
Xiaohui Wang ^b^,^* ,
Huimin Xiang ^a ,
Cheng Fang ^a ,
Hailong Wang ^a ,
Yanchun Zhou ^a^,^*

Author information +

文章历史 +

Abstract

CrTaO₄ and CrNbO₄, rutile structured ternary scales formed on refractory high-entropy alloys (RHEAs), protect the RHEAs from oxidation and thermal attack. However, the Vickers hardness (12.20/10.20GPa for CrTaO₄ and CrNbO₄, respectively) is lower than that of YSZ (14 GPa), making them prone to erosion. In addition, further reduction of thermal conductivity (1.31/1.09 W⋅ m^-1⋅ K^-1 for CrTaO₄ and CrNbO₄, respectively) benefits to protect the substrate materials from thermal attack. As such, optimizing their properties is urgently needed. To enhance the mechanical properties and further reduce the thermal conductivity of rutile-type ternary oxides CrTaO₄ and CrNbO₄, herein we designed a CrTa_0.5Nb_0.5O₄ solid solution based on the mechanism of solid solution strengthening, and systematically investigated its phase composition, microstructure, mechanical and thermal properties. The HAADF and ABF-STEM analyses confirmed the rutile-structure of CrTa_0.5Nb_0.5O₄, while minor impurities of rutile-structured CrNbO₄ and CrO₂ were also identified. The elastic modulus, bulk modulus, and shear modulus of CrTa_0.5Nb_0.5O₄ are 201, 119, and 175 GPa, respectively. Notably, the mechanical properties of CrTa_0.5Nb_0.5O₄ have been significantly improved via solid solution strengthening, with the Vickers hardness of 13.01±0.2GPa, fracture toughness of 2.07±0.017MPa⋅m^1/2, and flexural strength of 201±12MPa. The measured melting point of CrTa_0.5Nb_0.5O₄ is 2073±20 K, with an average thermal expansion coefficient of (5.91±0.52)×10^-6 K^-1. The room-temperature thermal conductivity of CrTa_0.5Nb_0.5O₄ is 1.07 W⋅ m^-1⋅ K^-1, which decreases to 0.57 W⋅ m^-1⋅ K^-1 at 1473 K, being lower than most of the well-known thermal barrier coating materials. In terms of thermal expansion coefficient matching, CrTa_0.5Nb_0.5O₄ is a qualified thermal barrier material for refractory metals and their alloys and ultra-high temperature ceramics. Therefore, this study has not only successfully developed a thermal barrier coating material with excellent mechanical properties and low thermal conductivity, but also provided new ideas for the research and development of materials in high-temperature fields from the perspective of material design.

Key words

CrTaO₄ / CrNbO₄ / Cr(Ta_0.5Nb_0.5)O₄ / Solid solution strengthening / Mechanical properties / Thermal properties / STEM / Thermal barrier materials

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Shuang Zhang, Yize Yao, Xiaohui Wang, 等. [J]. Extreme Materials. 2025, 1(3): 61-73 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exm.2025.08.002

Shuang Zhang, Yize Yao, Xiaohui Wang, et al. CrTa_0.5Nb_0.5 O₄: A solid solution strategy to enhance the mechanical and thermal properties of rutile structured ternaries[J]. Extreme Materials. 2025, 1(3): 61-73 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exm.2025.08.002

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This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. U23A20562 and 52302074). The authors would like to acknowledge Guogao Tang at Kaiple Company for TEM performance.