DFT, Monte Carlo, molecular dynamics, electrochemical, and weight loss study on corrosion inhibition of aluminum by trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole in HCl

Nnenna Winifred Odozi, Msenhemba Moses Mchihi, Ojo Abdullah Olasunkanmi, David Abujah

Extreme Materials ›› 2026, Vol. 2 ›› Issue (2) : 100027.

PDF(11542 KB)
PDF(11542 KB)
Extreme Materials ›› 2026, Vol. 2 ›› Issue (2) : 100027. DOI: 10.1016/j.exm.2026.100027

作者信息 +

DFT, Monte Carlo, molecular dynamics, electrochemical, and weight loss study on corrosion inhibition of aluminum by trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole in HCl

Author information +
文章历史 +

Abstract

The mitigation of aluminum corrosion in HCl is crucial for economic, safety, and environmental considerations. The influence of Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) on the corrosion of aluminum in 1 M HCl was investigated through both electrochemical and computational methodologies. A notable difference in the open circuit potential values between the blank HCl and the inhibited system was recorded, indicating that TMP-SMX affects the electrochemical behavior of aluminum in 1 M HCl. The charge transfer resistance increased from 220 Ω cm2 without TMP-SMX to 610 Ω cm2 when 0.4 g/L of TMP-SMX was present, suggesting the establishment of a shielding TMP-SMX film on aluminium exterior. The current density exhibited a substantial decrease in the presence of TMP-SMX. The alteration in corrosion potential upon the incorporation of TMP-SMX remained below 85 mV, which suggests that TMP-SMX simultaneously retards anodic metal deterioration and cathodic hydrogen evolution. Computational simulation revealed that TMX and SMX maintain nearly parallel orientations with respect to the aluminum surface, suggesting enhanced surface coverage and interactions through heteroatoms and π-electron systems. ∆G0 values were negative, signifying that TMP/SMX spontaneously adhered to aluminum. Corrosion rate increased with rising temperature, but decreased with higher inhibitor concentrations. TMP-SMX has the potential to function as an environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitor for aluminium in HCl.

Key words

Metal / Inhibitor / Acid / Molecular dynamics / Adsorption / DFT

引用本文

导出引用
Nnenna Winifred Odozi, Msenhemba Moses Mchihi, Ojo Abdullah Olasunkanmi, . [J]. Extreme Materials. 2026, 2(2): 100027 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exm.2026.100027
Nnenna Winifred Odozi, Msenhemba Moses Mchihi, Ojo Abdullah Olasunkanmi, et al. DFT, Monte Carlo, molecular dynamics, electrochemical, and weight loss study on corrosion inhibition of aluminum by trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole in HCl[J]. Extreme Materials. 2026, 2(2): 100027 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exm.2026.100027

参考文献

[1]
Gaballah S., Shehata N., Shaaba M., Nosier S., Hefnawy A., Hamed A., Samir E., Corrosion inhibition of aluminum in hydrochloric acid solution using ceria doped polyvinyl chloride nanofiber, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 12 ( 2017) 1094-1105, doi:10.20964/2017.02.05.
[2]
Mchihi M.M., Odozi N.W., Nurudeen A.O., Emesiani M.C., Seriki B.O., Assessment of Helianthus tuberosus leaves extract as eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor for Aluminum in sodium hydroxide: Insights from electrochemical, gravimetry and computational consideration, Moroc. J. Chem. 12 ( 2024) 1462-1483, doi:10.48317/IMIST.PRSM/morjchem-v12i4.49160.
[3]
Zhao Q., Tang T., Dang P., Zhang Z., Wang F., The corrosion inhibition effect of triazinedithiol inhibitors for aluminum alloy in a 1 M HCl solution, Metals 7 ( 2017) 44, doi:10.3390/met7020044.
[4]
Mchihi M.M., Olatunde A.M., Odozi N.W., Ficus sur mediated synthesis of mesoporous ZnO nanoparticles and novel ZnO/Arginine/Tyrosine nanocomposite as eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in hydrochloric acid medium, Moroc. J. Chem. 12 ( 2024) 1122-1152, doi:10.48317/IMIST.PRSM/morjchem-v12i3.42782.
[5]
Emesiani M.C., Umegbolu V.C., Mchihi M.M., Corrosion inhibitory attributes of mixture of Codiaeum variegatum and Ficus benjamina for mild steel in hydrochloric acid medium, Fudma J. Sci. 8 ( 2024) 258-263, doi:10.33003/fjs-2024-0805-2677.
[6]
Tan B., Ren H., Liu Y., Li X., Wang R., Sun J., Cao X., Dai Q., Guo L., Liu H., Al-Sadoon M.K., Insight into the anti-corrosion performance of crop waste as a degradable corrosion inhibitor for copper in sulfuric acid medium, Ind. Crops Prod. 222 ( 2024) 119654, doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119654.
[7]
Hussein R.K., Abou-Krisha M., Yousef T.A., Theoretical and experimental studies of different amine compounds as corrosion inhibitors for aluminum in hydrochloric acid, Biointerface Res. Appl. Chem. 11 ( 2021) 9772-9785, doi:10.33263/BRIAC112.97729785.
[8]
Fouda A.S., El-Taweel F.M., Elgamil M., Corrosion inhibition of aluminum in hydrochloric acid solution using some pyrazolocarbothioamide derivatives, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 12 ( 2017) 11397-11418, doi:10.20964/2017.12.55.
[9]
Mchihi M.M., Emesiani M.C., Babawumi J.I., Inhibitory potentials of leaf extract of justicia schimperi for mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid medium: gravimetric, microscopic and spectroscopic studies, Asian Res. J. Curr. Sci. 5 ( 2023) 184-192. 〈
[10]
Prajapati K.G., Desai P.S., Parmar B.B., Patel A.M., Comprehensive study on the corrosion inhibition of aluminum in HCl by N1, N1’-(ethane-1,2-diyl)di(ethane-1,2-diamine): experimental and theoretical approaches, Results Surf. Interfaces 17 ( 2024) 100347, doi:10.1016/j.rsurfi.2024.100347.
[11]
Tan B., Sun X., Z Z., Luo X., Gong Z., Li X., Guo L., Marzouki R., Yang Q., Sesame oil cake extract as corrosion inhibitor for Cu in H2SO4 medium, Appl. Surf. Sci. 728 ( 2026) 166085, doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166085.
[12]
Mchihi M.M., Odozi N.W., Gbolahan S.A., Electrochemical investigation of the inhibitory effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate nanocomposite on mild steel corrosion in 1 M hydrochloric acid, Anal. Bioanal. Electrochem. 16 ( 2024) 559-567, doi:10.22034/ABEC.2024.714079.
[13]
Naser A.A., Hammed H., Alshemary A.Z., Cardakli I.S., Corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in HCl Environment: Synthesis and characterization of trimethoprim-metal complexes, Mater. Sci. (Medziagotyra) 30 ( 2024) 319-326.
[14]
Abdullah H.A., Anaee R.A., Khadom A.A., Expired metheprim drug as a corrosion inhibitor for aluminum in 1 M HCl solution: experimental and theoretical studies, Int. J. Corros. Scale Inhib. 11 ( 2022) 1355-1373, doi:10.17675/2305-6894-2022-11-3-26.
[15]
Ibrahim F.M., Hammza R.A., Fadhil D.H., Synthesis and characterization of Trimethoprim metal complexes used as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in acid media, Int. J. Corros. Scale Inhib. 8 ( 2019) 733-742, doi:10.17675/2305-6894-2019-8-3-20.
[16]
Tan B., Xiang B., Zhang S., Qiang Y., Xu L., Chen S., He J., Papaya leaves extract as a novel eco- friendly corrosion inhibitor for Cu in H2SO4 medium, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 582 ( 2021) 918-931, doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2020.08.093.
[17]
Oguike R.S., Oni O., Barambu A.U., Balarak D., Buba T., Okeke C.U., Momoh L.S., Onimisi S., Nwada W.J., Computational Stimu-lation and Experimental Study on Corro-sion Inhibition Qualities of Emilia sonchi-folia Leaf Extract for Copper (CU131729) in Hydrochloric Acid, Comput. Chemi-stry 9 ( 2021) 18-36, doi:10.4236/cc.2021.91002.
[18]
Oyeneyin O.E., Ibrahim A., Ipinloju N., Ademoyegun A.J., Ojo N.D., Insight into the corrosion inhibiting potential and anticancer activity of 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-methyl-N’-(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carbohydrazide via computational approaches, J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn. 42 ( 2024) 11149-11166, doi:10.1080/07391102.2023.2260491.
[19]
Alharbi M.M., Kheder N.A., Soliman S.M., Ghabbour H.A., Mahmoud N.S., Elhaty I.A., Mabkhot Y.N., New thiophene derivatives: chemoselective synthesis, antitumor effectiveness, structural characterization, DFT calculations, Hirshfeld surface, and Fukui function analysis, BMC Chem. 18 ( 2024) 228, doi:10.1186/s13065-024-01346-5.
[20]
Mchihi M.M., Odozi N.W., Odimuko A.B., Deciphering properties of Dryopteris marginalis as green corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in HCl: Electrochemical, gas chromatography and DFT studies, Sustain. Chem. One World 7 ( 2025) 100103, doi:10.1016/j.scowo.2025.100103.
[21]
Tan B., Fu A., Guo L., Ran Y., Xiong J., Marzouki R., Li W., Insight into anti-corrosion mechanism of dalbergia odorifera leaves as a biodegradable inhibitor for X70 steel in sulfuric acid medium, Ind. Crops Prod. 194 ( 2023) 116106, doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2022.116106.
[22]
Odozi N.W., Emesiani M.C., Charles C.D., Seriki B.O., Mchihi M.M., Electrochemical studies of the corrosion inhibitory potential of Annona muricata leaves extract on aluminum in hydrochloric acid medium, FUDMA J. Sci. 8 ( 2024) 395-401, doi:10.33003/fjs-2024-0803-2460.
[23]
Mchihi M.M., Olatunde A.M., Odozi N.W., Electrochemical and gravimetric studies of the corrosion inhibitory properties of green synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles mediated by Ficus sur for mild steel in HCl, Jordan J. Chem. 20 ( 2025) 81-93, doi:10.47014/20.2.1.
[24]
Mamand D.M., Azeez Y.H., Qadr H.M., Monte Carlo and DFT calculations on the corrosion inhibition efficiency of some benzimide molecules, Mong. J. Chem. 24 ( 2023) 1-10, doi:10.5564/mjc.v24i50.2435.
[25]
Oukhrib R., Abdellaoui Y., Berisha A., Oualid H.A., Halili J., Jusufi K., Bourzi H., Asmary F.A., Parmar V.S., Len C., DFT, Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics simulations for the prediction of corrosion inhibition efficiency of novel pyrazolylnucleosides on Cu(111) surface in acidic media, Sci. Rep. 11 ( 2021) 3771, doi:10.1038/s41598-021-82927-5.
[26]
Berisha A., Experimental, Monte Carlo and molecular dynamic study on corrosion inhibition of mild steel by pyridine derivatives in aqueous perchloric acid, Electrochem 1 ( 2020) 188-199, doi:10.3390/electrochem1020013.
[27]
Rubaye A.Y.I., Beden S.M., Alamiery A.A., Kadhum A.A.H., Al-Azzawi W.K., Comprehensive analysis of the corrosion inhibition performance of 4-piperonylideneaminoantipyrine for mild steel in HCl solution: concentration, time, temperature effects, and mechanistic insights, Corros. Sci. Technol. 23 ( 2024) 20-32, doi:10.14773/cst.2024.23.1.20.
[28]
Laihemdia F., Barhoumia A., Lizoulc B., Mounicha K., Benabbouhad T., Chafia M., Zeroualb A., El idrissie M., DFT, Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics modeling of the carvacrol, camphor and linalool /Al(111) interaction, Turk. Comput. Theor. Chem. 8 ( 2024) 13-22, doi:10.33435/tcandtc.1286725.
[29]
Toghana A., Khairya M., Huang M., Farage A.A., Electrochemical, chemical and theoretical exploration of the corrosion inhibition of carbon steel with new imidazole-carboxamide derivatives in an acidic environment, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 18 ( 2023) 100072, doi:10.1016/j.ijoes.2023.100072.
[30]
Chioma F., Odozi N.W., Mchihi M.M., Olatunde M.A., Synthesis, spectroscopic, and density functional theory studies of the corrosion inhibitive behaviour of n-(1,4-dihydro-1,4-dioxonaphthalene-3-yl)pyrazine-2-carboxamide chelator-ligand, Glob. J. pure Appl. Sci. 28 ( 2022) 39-50, doi:10.4314/gjpas.v28i1.6.
[31]
O.F. Akinyele, A.S. Adekunle, A.A. Akinmuyisitan, S.S. Durodola, O.E. Oyeneyin, N.D. Ojo, L.O. OlasunkanmAdsorption, synergistic inhibitive potentials and quantum chemical studies of (E)-1-(2-((2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)diazenyl)phenyl)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylethan-1-one as mild steel anticorrosion agent in acidic medium, Results in Surfaces and Interfaces 12 ( 2023) 100128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsurfi.2023.100128.
[32]
Lin H., Chen X., Luo Z., Xu J., Lu P., Xie T., Tang J., Wang H., Corrosion inhibition properties of corrosion inhibitors to under-deposit corrosion of X65 Steel in CO2 corrosion conditions, Molecules 29 ( 2024) 2611, doi:10.3390/molecules29112611.
[33]
Rizi A., Sedik A., Acidi A., Rachedi K.O., Ferkous H., Berredjem M., Delimi A., Abdennouri A., Alam M., Ernst B., Benguerba Y., Sustainable and green corrosion inhibition of mild steel: insights from electrochemical and computational approaches, ACS Omega 8 ( 2023) 47224-47238, doi:10.1021/acsomega.3c06548.
[34]
Sithuba T., Murulana L.C., Study on the corrosion inhibition effects of flavonoid derivatives on aluminium in hydrochloric acid, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 20 ( 2025) 101171, doi:10.1016/j.ijoes.2025.101171.
[35]
Gaber G.A., Ghobashy M.M., Madani M., Alshangiti D.M., Alkhursani S.A., Al-Gahtany S.A., Nady N., Study of the corrosion-inhibiting activity of the green materials of the Posidonia oceanica leaves’ ethanolic extract based on PVP in corrosive media (1 M of HCl), Green. Process. Synth. 10 ( 2021) 555-568, doi:10.1515/gps-2021-0055.
[36]
Ames H., Tufinio K., Paucar K., Falcón J.M., Vergara A., ⍰ Green inhibitor for corrosion protection of ASTM A1011 steel in saline medium using a dynamic system, J. Electrochem. Sci. Eng. 15 ( 2025) 2860, doi:10.5599/jese.2860.
[37]
Mouats N., Djellali S., Ferkous H., Sedik A., Delimi Amel, Boublia A., Rachedi K.O., Berredjem M., Çukurovali A., Alam M., Ernsti B., Benguerba Y., Comprehensive investigation of the adsorption, corrosion inhibitory properties, and quantum calculations for 2-(2,4,5-Trimethoxybenzylidene) hydrazine carbothioamide in mitigating corrosion of XC38 carbon steel under HCl environment, ACS Omega 9 ( 2024) 27945-27962, doi:10.1021/acsomega.3c10240.
[38]
Obot I.B., Solomon M.M., Onyeachu I.B., Umoren S.A., Meroufel A., Alenazi A., Sorour A.A., Development of a green corrosion inhibitor for use in acid cleaning of MSF desalination plant, Desalination 495 ( 2020) 114675, doi:10.1016/j.desal.2020.114675.
[39]
Carmona-Hernandez A., Barreda-Serrano M.C., Saldarriaga-Noreña H.A., López-Sesenes R., González-Rodríguez J.G., Mejía-Sánchez E., Ramírez-Cano J.A., Orozco-Cruz R., Galván-Martínez R., Insight into the corrosion inhibition performance of pistia stratiotes leaf extract as a novel eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1 M HCl solution, Molecules 29 ( 2024) 5243, doi:10.3390/molecules29225243.
[40]
Odozi N.W., Adetoba A.S., Mchihi M.M., Akpaetok A.N., Synsepalum dulcificum leaves extract as green inhibitor for mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid, ChemSearch J. 12 ( 2021) 47-54. 〈
[41]
Gupta S.K., Mitra R.K., Yadav M., Dagdag O., Berisha A., Mamba B.B., Nkambule T.I., Ebenso E.E., Singh S.K., Electrochemical, surface morphological and computational evaluation on carbohydrazide Schiff bases as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in acidic medium, Sci. Rep. 13 ( 2023) 15108, doi:10.1038/s41598-023-41975-9.
[42]
Mchihi M.M., Olatunde A.M., Odozi N.W., CuO-based nanocomposite: synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of the corrosion inhibition effectiveness for mild steel in HCl, J. Electrochem. Sci. Eng. 15 ( 2025) 2715, doi:10.5599/jese.2715.
[43]
Tan B., He J., Zhang S., Xu C., Chen S., Liu H., Li W., Insight into anti-corrosion nature of Betel leaves water extracts as the novel and eco-friendly inhibitors, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 585 ( 2021) 287-301, doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2020.11.059.
[44]
Ajeel S.A., Karm Z., Abdulhussein B.A., Electrochemical and adsorption study of environmentally friendly inhibitor used for low-carbon steel, J. Electrochem. Sci. Eng. 15 ( 2025) 2612, doi:10.5599/jese.2612.
[45]
Odozi N.W., Saheed R., Mchihi M.M., Application of Peperomia pellucida leaves extract as a green corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1.0 M hydrochloric acid solution, Chemsearch J. 10 ( 2019) 88-93. 〈
[46]
Loto R.T., Tamunowari S.V., Ekeruke N.E., Udo E.D., Ajayi J.O., Iyun F.M., Kalu J.O., Investigation of corrosion inhibition of medium carbon steel using palm kernel and grapeseed oils in 3.5 % NaCl solution, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 20 ( 2025) 101195, doi:10.1016/j.ijoes.2025.101195.
[47]
Said-Ahmed M., Lebrini M., Alkaloid Extract from Chimarrhis cymosa as a Corrosion Inhibitor for C 38 Steel in 1M Hydrochloric Acid: Electrochemical and XPS Studies, Metals 15 ( 2025) 523, doi:10.3390/met15050523.
[48]
Andoor P.A., Okeoma K.B., Mbamara U.S., adsorption and thermodynamic studies of the corrosion inhibition effect of Rosmarinus officinalis L. leaves on aluminium alloy in 0.25 M HCl and effect of an external magnetic field, Int. J. Phys. Sci. 16 ( 2021) 79-95, doi:10.5897/IJPS2021.4945.
[49]
Al-haj-ali A.M., Jarrah N.A., Mu’azu N.D., Rihan R.O., Thermodynamics and kinetics of inhibition of aluminum in hydrochloric acid by date palm leaf extract, J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manag. 18 ( 2014) 543-551, doi:10.4314/jasem.v18i3.23.

The technical assistance of Dr. Vitalis Ikenna Chukwuike is acknowledged.


PDF(11542 KB)

Accesses

Citation

Detail

段落导航
相关文章

/